DNA encoded library (DEL) is a new screening platform commonly used to discover small-molecules that interfere with the activity of pharmaceutically relevant proteins. DNA-encoded chemical libraries are hybrid-type collections of combinatorial organic molecules, individually coupled to distinctive DNA fragments.

The discovery of a novel drug is usually a multi-phase process, and one of central steps in drug discovery is the identification of binding molecules to protein targets of pharmaceutical interest. Some methods including high-throughput screening (HTS), fragment-based drug discovery, and computer-assisted drug discovery are available for early drug hit discovery. The molecular diversity and quality of the screening collection can be crucial in using HTS to discover compounds having desirable pharmacological properties . Whereas, the costs of assembling, maintaining and screening a library collection using HTS sets a practical upper limit on the number of compounds, and therefore the molecular diversity, that can be screened. By contrast, biological selection methods has largely relied on the expression and screening of peptides and proteins that are encoded by DNA and expressed by a cell, so biology-based drug discovery facilitate the construction and screening of libraries containing billions of polypeptides.

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